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Abstract #19042 Published in IGR 3-1
Twenty-four-hour time course of intraocular pressure in healthy and glaucomatous Africans: Relation to sleep patterns
Noel C; Kabo AM; Romanet J-P; Montmayeur A; Buguet AOphthalmology 2001; 108: 139-144
OBJECTIVE: This study was performed in early middle-aged African natives with primary open-angle glaucoma to compare the 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) variations in healthy versus young glaucoma patients, because IOP follows a circadian (24-hour) oscillation in healthy Caucasians. DESIGN: Case-control study. PARTICIPANTS: Sixteen healthy African volunteers (age, 24.5 ± 1 years, mean ± standard error of the mean) and 11 open-angle glaucoma African patients (age, 36.2 ± 3.3 years). METHODS: IOP was measured hourly during 24 hours with a Modular One pneumatonometer (Modular One, Digilab, Cambridge, MA), which allows measurements in supine subjects. To allow the IOP measurement at night, subjects were awakened under polysomnography (electroencephalogram, electromyogram, electro-oculogram) recorded at night and during a 90-minute afternoon nap. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hourly IOP values were analyzed for circadian rhythmicity with the Cosinor technique and in relation to the state of wakefulness, light sleep (stages 1 and 2), slow-wave sleep (stages 3 and 4), and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep upon awakening. RESULTS: Sleep patterns did not differ between patients and healthy volunteers. As expected, in the healthy subjects, IOP followed a 24-hour rhythm with a nocturnal peak value (acrophase), and the variations in IOP during sleep were related to sleep structure, being lowest during REM sleep and highest during slow-wave sleep. In the glaucoma patients, however, the 24-hour rhythm of IOP was reversed, with an afternoon acrophase and an early morning trough. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest a circadian phase shift in IOP in glaucoma patients, with maintained relation to sleep structure.
Dr A. Buguet, Departement des Facteurs Humains, Centre de Recherches, Serv. Sante des Armees Emile Parde, B.P. 87, 38702 La Tronche Cedex, France
Classification:
9.2.2 Other risk factors for glaucoma (Part of: 9 Clinical forms of glaucomas > 9.2 Primary open angle glaucomas)
