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Erythropoietin (EPO) has been known as a hematopoietic cytokine to stimulate proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells and is established as a treatment for anemia in renal failure for nearly 20 years. More recently, it is believed that EPO is not only a new neurotransmitter, but also a novel prospective neuroprotector in neuron system of human and animals. The neuroprotective effect mediated by its receptor (EPO-R) has been proved in large quantity of animal models in vivo or in vitro such as model of multiple sclerosis, acute ischemia-reperfusion injury of retina, acute axotomy injury, chronic ocular hypertension, etc. But the mechanisms and related signaling pathways are still under further research. The detection of derivates of EPO provide a new direction for clinical drugs. LA: Chinese
Dr. H.-P. Yuan, Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081 Heilongjiang Province, China. yuanhp@yahoo.com
11.8 Neuroprotection (Part of: 11 Medical treatment)