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Abstract #25326 Published in IGR 12-1
Distribution of glaucomas by type, stage of development and therapy.
Konareva-Kostianeva M I; Atanasov M A; Gerdzhikov A; Chilova-Atanasova B KFolia Medica 2009; 51: 37-41
AIM: To establish the distribution of glaucomas by type and stage of development and analyze their treatment on the basis of free examinations of glaucoma patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred and two consecutive glaucoma patients (91 males and 211 females, mean age 66.5+/-11.6 years, mean duration of disease 4.4 years) were investigated. Each patient underwent examination of the intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior eye segment, fundus oculi, and recommendations about further treatment were given. RESULTS: Females were 70% of the investigated subjects (the ratio of men to women was 1: 2.3). Sixty-seven patients (22%) had a family history of glaucoma. Fifty-one (17%) of the glaucoma patients had diabetes mellitus, and 174 (58%)--arterial hypertension. Pseudoexfoliations on the pupillary margin and on anterior lens capsule were observed in 51 patients (17%). The distribution of glaucomas by type was as follows: primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)--209 patients, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG)--50 patients, normal-tension glaucoma (NTG)--15 patients, closed-angle glaucoma (CAG)--9 patients, pigmentary glaucoma--6 patients, juvenile glaucoma--1 patient, congenital glaucoma--1 patient, secondary glaucoma--11 patients. According to the stage of the disease the investigated eyes were distributed as follows: early stage of glaucoma--41%, evolution stage--20%, progressive stage--19%, terminal stage--8%. Ten percent of the eyes presented with ocular hypertension and were suspect for glaucoma, while 2% were without glaucoma. Prostaglandin analogues were the most frequently used antiglaucoma topical drugs (45%), followed by beta-blockers (35%). The therapeutic approach was changed for 104 glaucoma patients (34%). CONCLUSION: The primary open-angle glaucoma has the highest frequency in our sample approximately 70% of the cases of glaucomas; pseudoexfoliation glaucoma has a relatively low frequency--17% and the low pressure glaucoma has a surprisingly low relative percentage in the sample. Therapy was changed in more than a third of the examined glaucoma patients--change in the drug therapy or referring patients for antiglaucoma surgery.
M.I. Konareva-Kostianeva. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.