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1 General aspects (0)   1.1 Epidemiology (14)   1.2 Population genetics (0)   1.3 Pathogenesis (2)   1.4 Quality of life (11)   1.5 Glaucomas as cause of blindness (10)   1.6 Prevention and screening (13) 2 Anatomical structures in glaucoma (0)   2.1 Conjunctiva (12)   2.2 Cornea (30)   2.3 Sclera (2)   2.4 Anterior chamber angle (8)   2.5 Meshwork (0)     2.5.1 Trabecular meshwork (17)     2.5.2 Schlemms canal (1)     2.5.3 Scleral outlet channels (2)   2.6 Aqueous humor dynamics (0)     2.6.1 Production (0)     2.6.2 Outflow (0)       2.6.2.1 Trabecular meshwork (5)       2.6.2.2 Uveoscleral (1)     2.6.3 Compostion (3)   2.7 Episcleral veins and venous pressure (4)   2.8 Iris (5)   2.9 Ciliary body (5)   2.10 Lens (0)   2.11 Vitreous body (0)   2.12 Choroid, peripapillary choroid, peripapillary atrophy (7)   2.13 Retina and retinal nerve fibre layer (30)   2.14 Optic disc (28)   2.15 Optic nerve (2)   2.16 Chiasma and retrochiasmal central nervous system (6)   2.17 Stem cells (1)   2.20 Other (0) 3 Laboratory methods (0)   3.1 Microscopy (3)   3.2 Electron microscopy (0)   3.3 Immunohistochemistry (6)   3.4 Molecular genetics (0)     3.4.1 Linkage studies (3)     3.4.2 Gene studies (39)   3.5 Molecular biology incl. 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Glaucomas associated with intraocular tumors (4)     9.4.9 Glaucomas associated with elevated episcleral venous pressure (0)       9.4.10 Glaucomas associated with hemorrhage (5)     9.4.11 Glaucomas following intraocular surgery (0)       9.4.11.1 Ciliary block (malignant) glaucoma (0)       9.4.11.2 Glaucomas in aphakia and pseudophakia (3)       9.4.11.3 Epithelial, fibrous, and endothelial proliferation (0)       9.4.11.4 Glaucomas associated with corneal surgery (6)       9.4.11.5 Glaucomas associated with vitreoretinal surgery (4)     9.4.15 Glaucoma in relation to systemic disease (34)     9.4.20 Other (2) 10 Differential diagnosis e.g. anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (13) 11 Medical treatment (0)   11.1 General management, indication (10)   11.2 Cholinergic drugs (0)   11.3 Adrenergic drugs (0)     11.3.1 Epinephrine (1)     11.3.2 Thymoxamine, dapiprazole (0)     11.3.3 Apraclonidine, brimonidine (3)     11.3.4 Betablocker (5)     11.3.5 Other (0)   11.4 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Filtering surgery (0)     12.8.1 Without tube implant (16)     12.8.2 With tube implant or other drainage devices (24)     12.8.3 Non-perforating (6)     12.8.4 Using laser (0)     12.8.5 Other (0)     12.8.10 Woundhealing antifibrosis (15)     12.8.11 Complications, endophthalmitis (8)   12.9 Trabeculotomy, goniotomy (13)   12.10 Cyclodestruction (7)   12.11 Cyclodialysis (1)   12.12 Cataract extraction (0)     12.12.1 Intracapsular (0)     12.12.2 Extracapsular (0)     12.12.3 Phacoemulsification (5)   12.14 Combined cataract extraction and glaucoma surgery (0)     12.14.1 Intracapsular (0)     12.14.2 Extracapsular (0)     12.14.3 Phacoemulsification (2)   12.15 Capsulotomy (1)   12.16 Vitrectomy (0)   12.17 Anesthesia (6)   12.20 Other (2) 13 Therapeutic prognosis and outcome (0)   13.1 Prognostic factors (0)   13.2 Outcome (0)     13.2.1 IOP (1)     13.2.2 Visual field (0)       13.2.2.1 Progression (2)       13.2.2.2 Improvement (1)     13.2.3 Other (1) 14 Costing studies; pharmacoeconomics (4) 15 Miscellaneous (37)

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Abstract #45942 Published in IGR 13-2

Biological activity of quinoxaline derivatives

Deepika Y; Nath PS; Sachin K; Shewta S
International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research 2011; 2: 33-46

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Quinoxaline derivatives constitute an important class of heterocycles in drug discovery. They are clinically effective as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-tubercular and antineoplastic agents. Interestingly, it also shows hypoglycemic and antiglaucoma activity. Modification in their structure has offered a high degree of diversity that has proven useful for the development of new therapeutic agents having improved potency and lesser toxicity. Considering the extensive research on quinoxaline in the past, it was essential to review the wide spectrum of biological activity of quinoxalines. To conclude, this review will be beneficial for new drug discovery of quinoxaline moiety.

Y. Deepika. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saroj Institute Of Technology and Management, Sultanpur road, Lucknow-226002 (U.P.), India. Email: deepikaaipr@gmail.com

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Classification:

11.14 Investigational drugs; pharmacological experiments (Part of: 11 Medical treatment)

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