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Miscellaneous (28)

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Abstract #48976 Published in IGR 14-1

Causes of glaucoma after descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty

Naveiras M; Dirisamer M; Parker J; Ham L; van Dijk K; Dapena I; Melles GR
American Journal of Ophthalmology 2012; 153: 958-966.e1

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PURPOSE: To describe the incidence and causes of glaucoma after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). DESIGN: Nonrandomized prospective cohort study at a tertiary referral center. METHODS: The incidence of glaucoma was evaluated in the first 275 consecutive eyes that underwent DMEK for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (260 eyes) or bullous keratopathy (15 eyes). Glaucoma was defined as a postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation of ≥24 mm Hg, or ≥10 mm Hg from the preoperative baseline. If possible, the cause of glaucoma was identified, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), and postoperative course were documented, with a mean follow-up of 22 (± 13) months. RESULTS: Overall, 18 eyes (6.5%) showed postoperative glaucoma after DMEK. Seven eyes (2.5%) had an exacerbation of a pre-existing glaucoma. Eleven eyes (4%) presented with a de novo IOP elevation, associated with air bubble-induced mechanical angle closure (2%), steroid response (0.7%), or peripheral anterior synechiae (0.4%), or without detectable cause (0.7%). Two eyes (0.7%) required glaucoma surgery after DMEK. At 6 months, all eyes had a BCVA of ≥20/40 (≥0.5), and 81% reached ≥20/25 (≥0.8) (n = 16); mean ECD was 1660 (± 554) cells/mm(2) (n = 15) (P > .1). CONCLUSION: Glaucoma after DMEK may be a relatively frequent complication that could be avoided by reducing the residual postoperative air bubble to 30% in phakic eyes, applying a population-specific steroid regime, and avoiding decentration of the Descemet graft. Eyes with a history of glaucoma may need close IOP monitoring in the first postoperative months, especially in eyes with an angle-supported phakic intraocular lens.

Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Melles Cornea Clinic Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Full article

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Classification:

9.4.11.4 Glaucomas associated with corneal surgery (Part of: 9 Clinical forms of glaucomas > 9.4 Glaucomas associated with other ocular and systemic disorders > 9.4.11 Glaucomas following intraocular surgery)

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