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Abstract #49081 Published in IGR 14-1

Effects of long-term topical anti-glaucoma medications on meibomian glands

Arita R; Itoh K; Maeda S; Maeda K; Furuta A; Tomidokoro A; Aihara M; Amano S
Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 2012; 250: 1181-1185

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OBJECTIVE: To examine effects of long-term topical anti-glaucoma medications on meibomian gland morphology and function and assess their relationship with slit-lamp findings. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional observational case series of 31 patients with glaucoma (mean age ± standard deviation, 65.0 ± 13.0 years; mean duration of eye drop use, 7.9 ± 6.0 years) treated with topical anti-glaucoma drugs in only one eye for more than 1 year: 13 receiving prostaglandin analogues (PGs) alone, eight receiving β-blockers alone, and ten receiving multiple treatments. Untreated contralateral eyes served as controls. Lid margin (lid margin abnormality score: 0-4) and superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK score: 0-1) were observed with a slit lamp. Upper and lower eyelids were turned over to observe meibomian glands using non-contact meibography. Meibomian gland loss was scored for each eyelid from grade 0 (no loss of meibomian glands) through grade 3 (loss >2/3 of total meibomian gland area). Meibomian lipid content (meibum) was scored (meibum score: 0-3). RESULTS: Treated eyes had significantly higher scores for lid margin abnormality (P = 0.001), SPK (P < 0.001), meibo-score (P < 0.001), and meibum (P < 0.001) than control eyes. Tear film break-up time (BUT) was significantly shorter in treated eyes than in control eyes (P = 0.001). Schirmer values were significantly lower in treated eyes than in control eyes (P = 0.0039). Subgroup analysis indicated a significantly higher meibo-score in eyes treated with PGs (P = 0.0046) and in eyes treated with β-blockers (P = 0.0231) than in the corresponding controls. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term anti-glaucoma eye drop use affects meibomian gland morphology and function.

Itoh Clinic, 626-11 Minaminakano, Minuma-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 337-0042, Japan. ritoh@za2.so-net.ne.jp

Full article

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Classification:

11.16 Vehicles, delivery systems, pharmacokinetics, formulation (Part of: 11 Medical treatment)
2.1 Conjunctiva (Part of: 2 Anatomical structures in glaucoma)

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