advertisement

---

1 General aspects (0)   1.1 Epidemiology (6)   1.2 Population genetics (0)   1.3 Pathogenesis (2)   1.4 Quality of life (19)   1.5 Glaucomas as cause of blindness (10)   1.6 Prevention and screening (10) 2 Anatomical structures in glaucoma (0)   2.1 Conjunctiva (8)   2.2 Cornea (22)   2.3 Sclera (11)   2.4 Anterior chamber angle (2)   2.5 Meshwork (0)     2.5.1 Trabecular meshwork (17)     2.5.2 Schlemms canal (2)     2.5.3 Scleral outlet channels (0)   2.6 Aqueous humor dynamics (0)     2.6.1 Production (2)     2.6.2 Outflow (0)       2.6.2.1 Trabecular meshwork (7)       2.6.2.2 Uveoscleral (2)     2.6.3 Compostion (4)   2.7 Episcleral veins and venous pressure (0)   2.8 Iris (5)   2.9 Ciliary body (0)   2.10 Lens (0)   2.11 Vitreous body (1)   2.12 Choroid, peripapillary choroid, peripapillary atrophy (3)   2.13 Retina and retinal nerve fibre layer (37)   2.14 Optic disc (46)   2.15 Optic nerve (6)   2.16 Chiasma and retrochiasmal central nervous system (5)   2.17 Stem cells (3)   2.20 Other (1) 3 Laboratory methods (0)   3.1 Microscopy (4)   3.2 Electron microscopy (0)   3.3 Immunohistochemistry (0)   3.4 Molecular genetics (0)     3.4.1 Linkage studies (0)     3.4.2 Gene studies (31)   3.5 Molecular biology incl. SiRNA (17)   3.6 Cellular biology (40)   3.7 Biochemistry (5)   3.8 Pharmacology (15)   3.9 Pathophysiology (11)   3.10 Immunobiology (4)   3.11 Pharmacogenetics (0)   3.12 Proteomics (1)   3.13 In vivo imaging (0)     3.13.1 Laser Scanning (0)       3.13.1.1 Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (0)       3.13.1.2 Confocal Scanning Laser Polarimetry (0)     3.13.2 Optical Coherence Tomography (0)       3.13.2.1 Anterior Segment (0)       3.13.2.2 Posterior Segment (1)     3.13.3 RGC Imaging (1)     3.13.4 Other (0)   3.20 Other (0) 4 Tissue culture of ocular cells (0) 5 Experimental glaucoma; animal models (0)   5.1 Rodent (25)   5.2 Primates (3)   5.3 Other (8) 6 Clinical examination methods (0)   6.1 Intraocular pressure measurement; factors affecting IOP (0)     6.1.1 Devices, techniques (16)     6.1.2 Fluctuation, circadian rhythms (3)     6.1.3 Factors affecting IOP (22)   6.2 Tonography, aqueous flow measurement (see also 2.6) (0)   6.3 Biomicroscopy (slitlamp) (0)     6.3.1 Anterior segment (0)     6.3.2 Posterior segment (0)   6.4 Gonioscopy (2)   6.5 Ophthalmoscopy (0)   6.6 Visual field examination and other visual function tests (0)     6.6.1 Conventional manual (0)     6.6.2 Automated (30)     6.6.3 Special methods (e.g. color, contrast, SWAP etc.) (14)   6.7 Electro-ophthalmodiagnosis (6)   6.8 Photography (0)     6.8.1 Anterior segment (2)     6.8.2 Posterior segment (10)   6.9 Computerized image analysis (0)     6.9.1 Laser scanning (0)       6.9.1.1 Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (9)       6.9.1.2 Confocal Scanning Laser Polarimetry (4)     6.9.2 Optical coherence tomography (0)       6.9.2.1 Anterior (13)       6.9.2.2 Posterior (55)     6.9.5 Other (2)   6.10 Fluorescein (ICG) angiography (0)     6.10.1 Anterior segment (0)     6.10.2 Posterior segment (0)   6.11 Bloodflow measurements (17)   6.12 Ultrasonography and ultrasound biomicroscopy (4)   6.13 Provocative tests (1)   6.19 Telemedicine (1)   6.20 Progression (21)   6.30 Other (5) 8 Refractive errors in relation to glaucoma (0)   8.1 Myopia (8)   8.2 Hypermetropia (1)   8.3 Contact lenses (0)   8.4 Refractive surgical procedures (0)   8.5 Other (0) 9 Clinical forms of glaucomas (0)   9.1 Developmental glaucomas (0)     9.1.1 Congenital glaucoma, Buphthalmos (9)     9.1.2 Juvenile glaucoma (8)     9.1.3 Syndromes of Axenfeld, Rieger, Peters, aniridia (5)     9.1.4 Other (1)   9.2 Primary open angle glaucomas (0)     9.2.1 Ocular hypertension (1)     9.2.2 Other risk factors for glaucoma (12)     9.2.3 Open angle glaucoma with elevated IOP (1)     9.2.4 Normal pressure glaucoma (13)   9.3 Primary angle closure glaucomas (0)     9.3.1 Acute primary angle closure glaucoma (pupillary block) (8)     9.3.2 Chronic primary angle closure glaucoma (pupillary block) (1)     9.3.3 Plateau iris syndrome (0)     9.3.4 Primary angle closure suspect (2)     9.3.5 Primary angle closure (16)     9.3.10 Other (0)   9.4 Glaucomas associated with other ocular and systemic disorders (0)     9.4.1 Steroid-induced glaucoma (7)     9.4.2 Glaucomas associated with disorders of the cornea, conjunctiva, sclera (0)       9.4.2.1 Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE, incl. irisatrophy) (1)       9.4.2.2 Posterior polymorphous dystrophy (0)       9.4.2.3 Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy (0)       9.4.2.5 Other (3)     9.4.3 Glaucomas associated with disorders of the iris and ciliary body (0)       9.4.3.1 Pigmentary glaucoma (2)       9.4.3.5 Other (1)     9.4.4 Glaucomas associated with disorders of the lens (0)       9.4.4.1 Exfoliation syndrome (11)       9.4.4.2 Glaucomas associated with cataracts (0)       9.4.4.3 Glaucomas associated with lens dislocation (4)       9.4.4.5 Other (0)     9.4.5 Glaucomas associated with disorders of the retina, choroid and vitreous (0)       9.4.5.1 Neovascular glaucoma (4)       9.4.5.5 Other (7)     9.4.6 Glaucomas associated with inflammation, uveitis (10)     9.4.7 Glaucomas associated with ocular trauma (1)     9.4.8 Glaucomas associated with intraocular tumors (4)     9.4.9 Glaucomas associated with elevated episcleral venous pressure (1)       9.4.10 Glaucomas associated with hemorrhage (2)     9.4.11 Glaucomas following intraocular surgery (0)       9.4.11.1 Ciliary block (malignant) glaucoma (2)       9.4.11.2 Glaucomas in aphakia and pseudophakia (6)       9.4.11.3 Epithelial, fibrous, and endothelial proliferation (1)       9.4.11.4 Glaucomas associated with corneal surgery (8)       9.4.11.5 Glaucomas associated with vitreoretinal surgery (1)     9.4.15 Glaucoma in relation to systemic disease (29)     9.4.20 Other (2) 10 Differential diagnosis e.g. anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (3) 11 Medical treatment (0)   11.1 General management, indication (2)   11.2 Cholinergic drugs (2)   11.3 Adrenergic drugs (0)     11.3.1 Epinephrine (0)     11.3.2 Thymoxamine, dapiprazole (0)     11.3.3 Apraclonidine, brimonidine (2)     11.3.4 Betablocker (10)     11.3.5 Other (0)   11.4 Prostaglandins (20)   11.5 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (0)     11.5.1 Systemic (0)     11.5.2 Topical (8)   11.6 Osmotic treatment (2)   11.7 Treatment of bloodflow (0)   11.8 Neuroprotection (23)   11.9 Gene therapy (0)   11.13 Combination therapy (0)     11.13.1 Betablocker and pilocarpine (0)     11.13.2 Betablocker and carbon anhydrase inhibitor (7)     11.13.3 Betablocker and brimonidine (1)     11.13.4 Betablocker and prostaglandin (4)     11.13.5 Other (0)   11.14 Investigational drugs; pharmacological experiments (14)   11.15 Other drugs in relation to glaucoma (8)   11.16 Vehicles, delivery systems, pharmacokinetics, formulation (25)   11.17 Cooperation with medical therapy e.g. persistency, compliance, adherence (4)   11.20 Other (3) 12 Surgical treatment (0)   12.1 General management, indication (2)   12.2 Laser iridotomy (5)   12.3 Laser iridoplasty (0)   12.4 Laser trabeculoplasty and other laser treatment of the angle (8)   12.7 Surgical iridectomy (0)   12.8 Filtering surgery (0)     12.8.1 Without tube implant (12)     12.8.2 With tube implant or other drainage devices (30)     12.8.3 Non-perforating (12)     12.8.4 Using laser (0)     12.8.5 Other (0)     12.8.10 Woundhealing antifibrosis (18)     12.8.11 Complications, endophthalmitis (10)   12.9 Trabeculotomy, goniotomy (5)   12.10 Cyclodestruction (1)   12.11 Cyclodialysis (0)   12.12 Cataract extraction (1)     12.12.1 Intracapsular (0)     12.12.2 Extracapsular (0)     12.12.3 Phacoemulsification (6)   12.14 Combined cataract extraction and glaucoma surgery (0)     12.14.1 Intracapsular (0)     12.14.2 Extracapsular (0)     12.14.3 Phacoemulsification (3)   12.15 Capsulotomy (0)   12.16 Vitrectomy (3)   12.17 Anesthesia (1)   12.20 Other (6) 13 Therapeutic prognosis and outcome (0)   13.1 Prognostic factors (0)   13.2 Outcome (0)     13.2.1 IOP (2)     13.2.2 Visual field (1)       13.2.2.1 Progression (0)       13.2.2.2 Improvement (0)     13.2.3 Other (2) 14 Costing studies; pharmacoeconomics (3) 15 Miscellaneous (19)

---

Abstract #55600 Published in IGR 15-4

Australian optometric and ophthalmologic referral pathways for people with age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma

Jamous KF; Jalbert I; Kalloniatis M; Boon MY
Clinical and Experimental Optometry 2014; 97: 248-255

---

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the referral pathways offered to patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR) or glaucoma (GL) by ophthalmologists and optometrists. METHODS: Australian ophthalmologists and optometrists were surveyed regarding referral decisions to other eye-care specialists (inter- or intra-professional), general medical practitioners (GPs), low vision rehabilitation (LVR) and support services. Thematic analysis and concept mapping were applied to highlight current and ideal referral pathways. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 155 optometrists and 50 ophthalmologists and deemed representative of their respective professions in Australia. Not surprisingly, the vast majority of the participating optometrists (97 to 99 per cent) referred to ophthalmologists regardless of the underlying condition. Clear differences (Chi-square: p < 0.05) were observed in the referral patterns of optometrists and ophthalmologists to GPs and support services. General medical practitioner services were almost exclusively used for patients with DR, while AMD triggered a significantly higher referral rate to low vision rehabilitation and support services than the other two disorders. CONCLUSION: While ophthalmologists predominantly referred patients with AMD, DR or GL to low vision rehabilitation services, optometrists' referrals were highly skewed toward ophthalmology. Referrals to other supporting services by the two groups were not greatly used. The perceived referral pathways by the two eye-care professionals suggested a unidirectional route, potentially highlighting the need for a more collaborative approach that facilitates optimal use of eye health care and allied services.

Full article

---

Classification:

1.6 Prevention and screening (Part of: 1 General aspects)

---

• ← Previous
• Next →

---