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Abstract #70546 Published in IGR 18-2
Secondary diseases in high myopia
Ziemssen F; Lagrèze W; Voykov BOphthalmologe 2017; 114: 30-43
BACKGROUND: Eyes with high myopia (axial length ≥ 26.5 mm) do not just have a different size. Due to morphological and structural changes there is a considerably increased risk for many different secondary diseases. OBJECTIVE: Determination of the incidence and mortality in high myopia, discussion of effects and clinical signs, presentation of treatment recommendations and counselling. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic search of the literature was carried out and a discussion on basic principles and epidemiological investigations is presented. RESULTS: Findings due to high myopia are not in a closed state but undergo continuous changes. Choroidal neovascularization (adjusted prevalence 2.5-5%), staphyloma, foveoschisis and peripheral retinal degeneration are examples of problems contributing to the increased rate of visual impairment and blindness related to myopia. High myopia is associated with a clearly increased risk of retinal detachment after lens surgery (hazard ratio 6.1) and particularly more frequently in younger people. The associated primary open-angle glaucoma (odds ratio 2.46) is often recognized too late due to relatively low values of intraocular pressure. CONCLUSION: Understanding of atrophic areas and staphyloma has benefited from recent advances in imaging (e.g. magnetic resonance imaging, optical coherence tomography and wide-field imaging) that complement and explain histological findings. Knowledge of the associated risk profile is of major clinical relevance.
Department für Augenheilkunde, Universität Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland. Focke.Ziemssen@med.uni-tuebingen.de.
Full articleClassification:
8.1 Myopia (Part of: 8 Refractive errors in relation to glaucoma)
