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Abstract #79836 Published in IGR 20-2
Glaucoma treatment
Bluwol ERevue du Praticien 2016; 66: 508-513
Glaucomas treatment. Glaucoma is the first cause of blindness in Europe. The purposes of its treatment are lowering intraocular pressure (IOP), but also getting a good patient compliance with a good tolerance and a good ratio cost/effectiveness. Glaucoma treatment should stop optic nerve fiber layer loss and stabilize visual field defects. Medical topic treatment is the first line of treatment, with possible association of drops and absence of benzalkonium chloride for some of them. Four therapeutic classes are available: beta blockers, prostaglandins , alpha-2 agonists and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) can treat occludable angles or angle closure when there is no or only localized peripheral anterior synechia. Laser iridoplasty is indicated in plateau iris when remains an appositional angle closure after LPI. Selective laser trabeculoplasty is an effective tool in lowering IOP and decrease IOP fluctuation. It can be successfully used as primary or adjunctive therapy for the management of both early and advanced glaucoma in primary open angle glaucoma or in angle closure glaucoma after LPI. Surgical approach should be considered after medical and/or laser treatment when glaucomatous visual field defects still progress. Filtering surgeries (non penetrating deep sclerectomy or trabeculectomy) or glaucoma valve implantation are well known for their effectiveness but bleb complications lead to develop blebless procedures called MIGS (mini invasive glaucoma surgery) or, in refractory glaucoma, non invasive surgery devices such as High-intensity focused ultrasound which consist in ultrasonic circular cyclo-coagulation of ciliary body, leading to less long term complication than diode transscleral cyclocoagulation.
Classification:
11.1 General management, indication (Part of: 11 Medical treatment)
12.1 General management, indication (Part of: 12 Surgical treatment)
