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1 General aspects (0)   1.1 Epidemiology (9)   1.2 Population genetics (3)   1.3 Pathogenesis (7)   1.4 Quality of life (20)   1.5 Glaucomas as cause of blindness (7)   1.6 Prevention and screening (12) 2 Anatomical structures in glaucoma (0)   2.1 Conjunctiva (13)   2.2 Cornea (20)   2.3 Sclera (18)   2.4 Anterior chamber angle (4)   2.5 Meshwork (0)     2.5.1 Trabecular meshwork (22)     2.5.2 Schlemms canal (1)     2.5.3 Scleral outlet channels (1)   2.6 Aqueous humor dynamics (0)     2.6.1 Production (1)     2.6.2 Outflow (3)       2.6.2.1 Trabecular meshwork (0)       2.6.2.2 Uveoscleral (0)     2.6.3 Compostion (8)   2.7 Episcleral veins and venous pressure (0)   2.8 Iris (5)   2.9 Ciliary body (0)   2.10 Lens (0)   2.11 Vitreous body (0)   2.12 Choroid, peripapillary choroid, peripapillary atrophy (16)   2.13 Retina and retinal nerve fibre layer (43)   2.14 Optic disc (50)   2.15 Optic nerve (4)   2.16 Chiasma and retrochiasmal central nervous system (11)   2.17 Stem cells (6)   2.20 Other (0) 3 Laboratory methods (0)   3.1 Microscopy (0)   3.2 Electron microscopy (0)   3.3 Immunohistochemistry (1)   3.4 Molecular genetics (0)     3.4.1 Linkage studies (2)     3.4.2 Gene studies (32)   3.5 Molecular biology incl. SiRNA (31)   3.6 Cellular biology (47)   3.7 Biochemistry (24)   3.8 Pharmacology (30)   3.9 Pathophysiology (16)   3.10 Immunobiology (6)   3.11 Pharmacogenetics (0)   3.12 Proteomics (2)   3.13 In vivo imaging (0)     3.13.1 Laser Scanning (0)       3.13.1.1 Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (0)       3.13.1.2 Confocal Scanning Laser Polarimetry (0)     3.13.2 Optical Coherence Tomography (0)       3.13.2.1 Anterior Segment (0)       3.13.2.2 Posterior Segment (0)     3.13.3 RGC Imaging (0)     3.13.4 Other (0)   3.20 Other (0) 4 Tissue culture of ocular cells (0) 5 Experimental glaucoma; animal models (1)   5.1 Rodent (30)   5.2 Primates (5)   5.3 Other (11) 6 Clinical examination methods (0)   6.1 Intraocular pressure measurement; factors affecting IOP (0)     6.1.1 Devices, techniques (18)     6.1.2 Fluctuation, circadian rhythms (6)     6.1.3 Factors affecting IOP (16)   6.2 Tonography, aqueous flow measurement (see also 2.6) (0)   6.3 Biomicroscopy (slitlamp) (0)     6.3.1 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disorders (1)     9.4.1 Steroid-induced glaucoma (11)     9.4.2 Glaucomas associated with disorders of the cornea, conjunctiva, sclera (0)       9.4.2.1 Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE, incl. irisatrophy) (3)       9.4.2.2 Posterior polymorphous dystrophy (0)       9.4.2.3 Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy (0)       9.4.2.5 Other (0)     9.4.3 Glaucomas associated with disorders of the iris and ciliary body (0)       9.4.3.1 Pigmentary glaucoma (2)       9.4.3.5 Other (0)     9.4.4 Glaucomas associated with disorders of the lens (0)       9.4.4.1 Exfoliation syndrome (22)       9.4.4.2 Glaucomas associated with cataracts (4)       9.4.4.3 Glaucomas associated with lens dislocation (0)       9.4.4.5 Other (3)     9.4.5 Glaucomas associated with disorders of the retina, choroid and vitreous (0)       9.4.5.1 Neovascular glaucoma (11)       9.4.5.5 Other (13)     9.4.6 Glaucomas associated with inflammation, uveitis (13)     9.4.7 Glaucomas associated with ocular trauma (4)     9.4.8 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Prostaglandins (27)   11.5 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (0)     11.5.1 Systemic (0)     11.5.2 Topical (5)   11.6 Osmotic treatment (2)   11.7 Treatment of bloodflow (0)   11.8 Neuroprotection (30)   11.9 Gene therapy (2)   11.13 Combination therapy (0)     11.13.1 Betablocker and pilocarpine (0)     11.13.2 Betablocker and carbon anhydrase inhibitor (1)     11.13.3 Betablocker and brimonidine (0)     11.13.4 Betablocker and prostaglandin (4)     11.13.5 Other (1)   11.14 Investigational drugs; pharmacological experiments (7)   11.15 Other drugs in relation to glaucoma (23)   11.16 Vehicles, delivery systems, pharmacokinetics, formulation (17)   11.17 Cooperation with medical therapy e.g. persistency, compliance, adherence (8)   11.20 Other (1) 12 Surgical treatment (0)   12.1 General management, indication (7)   12.2 Laser iridotomy (6)   12.3 Laser iridoplasty (1)   12.4 Laser trabeculoplasty and other laser treatment of the angle (9)   12.7 Surgical iridectomy (0)   12.8 Filtering surgery (0)     12.8.1 Without tube implant (29)     12.8.2 With tube implant or other drainage devices (63)     12.8.3 Non-perforating (5)     12.8.4 Using laser (0)     12.8.5 Other (4)     12.8.10 Woundhealing antifibrosis (23)     12.8.11 Complications, endophthalmitis (20)   12.9 Trabeculotomy, goniotomy (18)   12.10 Cyclodestruction (22)   12.11 Cyclodialysis (3)   12.12 Cataract extraction (1)     12.12.1 Intracapsular (0)     12.12.2 Extracapsular (1)     12.12.3 Phacoemulsification (5)   12.14 Combined cataract extraction and glaucoma surgery (0)     12.14.1 Intracapsular (0)     12.14.2 Extracapsular (0)     12.14.3 Phacoemulsification (28)   12.15 Capsulotomy (0)   12.16 Vitrectomy (0)   12.17 Anesthesia (4)   12.20 Other (3) 13 Therapeutic prognosis and outcome (0)   13.1 Prognostic factors (0)   13.2 Outcome (0)     13.2.1 IOP (0)     13.2.2 Visual field (0)       13.2.2.1 Progression (0)       13.2.2.2 Improvement (0)     13.2.3 Other (0) 14 Costing studies; pharmacoeconomics (10) 15 Miscellaneous (40)

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Abstract #80934 Published in IGR 20-3

Ocular hypotony: A comprehensive review

Wang Q; Thau A; Levin AV; Lee D
Survey of Ophthalmology 2019; 64: 619-638

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Ocular hypotony is an infrequent, yet potentially vision-threatening, entity. The list of differential causes is extensive, involving any condition that may compromise aqueous humor dynamics or the integrity of the globe and sometimes following medical treatments or procedures. Depending on the cause and the clinical impact, treatment options aim to correct the underlying pathology and to reestablish anatomical integrity, as well as visual function. We review the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, different causes, and associated therapeutic options of ocular hypotony.

Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal Hospital Center, Montreal Quebec, Canada.

Full article

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Classification:

15 Miscellaneous
12.8.11 Complications, endophthalmitis (Part of: 12 Surgical treatment > 12.8 Filtering surgery)

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