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Abstract #98504 Published in IGR 22-4
Incidence of Glaucoma Progression and Rate of Visual Field Deterioration in a Cohort of Urban Ghanaians
Mwanza JC; Tulenko SE; Budenz DL; Herndon LW; Hall A; Hay-Smith G; Kim HY; Mathenge E; Spratt A; Tanna AP; Barton KJournal of Glaucoma 2022; 31: 503-510
PRECIS: The annual incidence of glaucoma progression (9.7%) and rates of visual field mean deviation change in progressors (-1.02±0.06▒dB/y) are high in a small cohort of urban Ghanaians. PURPOSE: To report the incidence of glaucoma progression and the rate of visual field deterioration in a small cohort of Ghanaians. METHODS: One hundred and ten subjects (204 eyes) diagnosed with glaucoma at a baseline population-based screening examination were re-examined a mean of 8.3±0.8 years later. Eyes were classified as having progressed if the optic disc alone, visual field alone or both showed significant glaucomatous changes on follow-up. Visual field mean deviation (MD) was used to calculate the rate of visual field progression. RESULTS: Progression was observed in 89 (80.9%, 9.7%/year) subjects (130 eyes). Progression occurred in 32 (31.7%, 3.8%/year) subjects by optic disc alone (46 eyes), 38 (44.7%, 5.4%/year) subjects by visual field alone (58 eyes), and 19 (25.0%, 3.0%/year) subjects by both modalities (26 eyes). The average rate of change in MD differed significantly between progressors (-1.02±1.06▒dB/y) and non-progressors (+0.089±0.49▒dB/y), P=0.001. The rate of visual field worsening was greater among those who were classified as having progressed by both structure and function (-1.29±0.68▒dB/y) and by function alone (-1.21±1.20▒dB/y) than by structure alone (-0.55±0.76▒dB/y). Progression was significantly associated with older age (OR, 1.42; P<0.001) and higher baseline IOP (OR, 1.18; P=0.002). Factors associated with rate of MD change were baseline older age (OR, 1.66; P=0.003), higher IOP (OR, 2.81; P=0.007), better visual field MD (OR, 1.41; P=0.004), and systemic hypertension (OR, 1.15; P=0.029). CONCLUSION: The incidence and rate of visual field progression is high in this longitudinal study of Ghanaian subjects with glaucoma. The findings may have important clinical and public health policy ramifications.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA Department of Ophthalmology, The Glaucoma Center, Bowie, Maryland, USA The Moreton Eye Group, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Department of Ophthalmology, Kaiser Permanente Woodland Hills Medical Center, Woodland Hills, California, USA South Florida Eye Health, Hollywood, Florida, USA Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Trust Institute of Ophthalmology, University College of London, London, UK.
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