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During the last decade, the presumed etiology of glaucoma has changed from a pured pressure concept to a combined mechanical and vascular theory. Evidence of a localized vascular insufficiency leading to perfusion deficits of ocular structures, including the optic nerve head, the retina, the choroid, and the retrobulbar vessels, is now clear. This article evaluates the role of vasospasm as the primary cause of such a vascular failure. The role of both ocular and systemic vasospasms and their clinical correlations are discussed. At a cellular level, the function of the modulating role of the vascular endothelium is reviewed. Evidence of abnormalities of the vascular endothelium and its vasoactive peptides as a conduit for vasospasm is mounting. LA: Chinese
Y. Zhu. Department of Ophthalmology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830063, China. ying_zhu@sina.com
6.11 Bloodflow measurements (Part of: 6 Clinical examination methods)
1.3 Pathogenesis (Part of: 1 General aspects)