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The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of color duplex sonography for distinguishing Graves' disease from diffuse toxic goiter. Twenty-four patients with Graves' disease and 13 with diffuse toxic goiter underwent B-mode and color duplex sonography of the thyroid gland. All patients had hyperthyroidism and elevated 99mTc-uptake. Spectral Doppler recordings were obtained in all thyroid arteries. Representative color flow maps of the thyroid gland were analyzed, calculating the percentage area of the thyroid gland, occupied by color pixels (color pixel density). The B-mode ultrasound pattern was subjectively assessed on a four-point rating scale. In patients with Graves' disease, the mean peak systolic velocity (PSV) (SD) was 110 ± 49 cm/sec, the mean volume flow rate (VFR) 123 ± 67 ml/min, and the mean color pixel density (CPD) 33 ± 12%. In patients with diffuse toxic goiter mean PSV (SD) was 43 ± 9 cm/sec (p < 0.001), mean VFR was 23 ± 10 ml/min (p Dr. A. Saleh, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Dusseldorf, Germany. saleh@uni-duesseldorf.de 9.4.15 Glaucoma in relation to systemic disease (Part of: 9 Clinical forms of glaucomas > 9.4 Glaucomas associated with other ocular and systemic disorders)Classification: