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Top-ten Japan Glaucoma Society Meeting
Naha, Okinawa, Japan, November 13-15, 2009
Makoto Araie
- Applanation tonometery by damaged prisms led to leaking of disinfectant upon the patient's eye which caused corneal erosions. Based on their report, the manufacturer (HAAG-STREIT) has improved the quality control, and information on how to check prism damage is now available on their website. (Sachiko Okuyama, Osaka)
- Chorioretinal folds were observed in the upper temporal part of the posterior pole of the fundus in eyes with hypoplastic optic nerves. Five eyes showed visual field defects in areas corresponding to the chorioretinal folds. Care should be taken in their association with or differentiation from glaucomatous visual field defects. (Mami Nanno, Tokyo)
- History for past motor vehicle accidents and their average visual field sensitivities were compared between 29 advanced-stage glaucoma patients and 29 age-matched early-stage glaucoma patients. The advanced-glaucoma group had a higher rate of motor vehicle accidents compared to the early-stage glaucoma group. However, average visual field sensitivity did not differ between the group that had accidents and the group that did not. (Yuki Aoki, Oyama)
- The usability of eye drop bottles in three prostaglandin analog eye drops were evaluated; Xalatan®, Travatan Z®, and Tapros®. Thirty-two glaucoma patients without previous experience with eye drop therapy were enrolled to answer a questionnaire related to the usability of the eye drop bottles and caps. Twenty-three out of 32 patients chose Tapros® as the most favorable eye drop bottle among the three. (Kyoko Hyodo, Matsuyama)
- Using the spectral-domain OCT, the reproducibility of RNFLT was measured by one circumferential peripapillary measurement with a 3.4-mm diameter (one-circle measurement) and by the average of several concentric measurements between a diameter of 2.8 and 4.0 mm (area mean measurement). Correlation of variation (CV) was calculated for the 360-degree average RNFLT and also for 4, 12, 36, 72 and 360 equal sectors. Although CVs for the 360-degree average were similar between the two methods, CVs for the sector RNFLT were smaller in the area mean measurements, implying that the area mean method reduced deterioration of reproducibility accompanied by sectorization. (Atsuo Tomidokoro, Tokyo)
- DNA samples in 1575 Japanese subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) were examined. After low quality data and poorly clusters SNPs were eliminated, 255 SNPs were analyzed. As a result, three genetic loci that may be associated with POAG were discovered. (Yoko Ikeda, Kyoto)
- Higher preoperative intraocular pressure (relative risk [RR] 1.054/mmHg), longer interval between vitrectomy and trabeculectomy (RR 1.343/year), and neovascular glaucoma (RR 2.112) were prognostic risk factors for surgical failure of trabeculectomies with mitomycin C in 118 vitrectomized eyes. (Toshihiko Inoue, Kumamoto)
- The mechanism in which nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p50 initiates normal tension glaucoma like features in NF-κBp50 knock out mice was studied. In-vitro experiments using cultured retinal ganglion cell (RGC)-5 cell lines showed that NF-κBp50 overexpressions markedly protected RGC-5 cells from glutamate/ NMDA neurotoxicity, and prevented glutamate-induced BCL2- associated X protein (promotes apoptosis) expression. Also, the chronic administration of FK506, a calcineurin inhibitor demonstrated a protective effect on neurotoxicity. The authors suggest that a calcineurin-signaling pathway including NF-κB activation contributes to the onset of optic neuropathy in p50-deficient mice. (Tomoko Nakamura-Yanagidaira, Matsumoto)
- Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart was rotated 45°(termed as glaucoma chart) to optimize glaucomatous detection by inner retinal thickness measured by spectral domain OCT. 30 glaucomatous eyes and 35 normal eyes were evaluated by the ETDRS chart, glaucoma chart and clock hour sectors of the circumpapillary nerve fiber layer. The highest AUROC for glaucoma was obtained by the inferior temporal sector with the glaucoma chart (AUROC 0.86) suggesting the usefulness of glaucoma detection by the glaucoma chart. (Yuriko Kotera, Kyoto)
- The effect of timolol hemihydrates and latanoprost on the CO2 hydration activities of human carbonic anhydrase (HCA) I and II were investigated. Timolol activated the enzyme activities of HCA I and II while latanoprost free acid inhibited them. (Hiroaki Ikeda, Hiroshima)
