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Editors Selection IGR 11-1

Models of Glaucoma: A new Murine Model of Glaucoma

Comment by Makoto Aihara on:

78021 A murine glaucoma model induced by rapid in vivo photopolymerization of hyaluronic acid glycidyl methacrylate, Guo C; Qu X; Rangaswamy N et al., PLoS ONE, 2018; 13: e0196529

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Guo C. et al. developed a new ocular hypertension mouse model by impeding the outflow pathway in a controllable manner using a photopolymerizable biomatrix and a subsequent UVA light flash. A number of methods have previously been developed with the goal of producing ocular hypertension in rodents. However, an ideal model mimicking clinical glaucoma has been a big challenge. The new method in this paper looks simple to perform, with a high success rate. The IOP elevation is mild and sustained compared to the previous models, and RGC loss and optic nerve degeneration were observed. The ability to use OCT imaging is another significant advantage because continual examination is required to evaluate the glaucomatous progression in the animal model. This suggests that severe cataract or pupillary contraction may not be present in this model.

This model is not suitable for screening of IOP-lowering therapies that target the conventional outflow pathway

While not specified in the paper, I hope that this procedure does not induce a severe inflammatory response or transient IOP elevation immediately after the procedure, which may affect the cellular reaction or the blood circulation of the retina or optic nerve. A potential limitation (as mentioned in the discussion) is that rodents lacks a stiff lamina cribrosa, in contrast to monkeys and humans, and the structural changes in mouse optic nerve may be induced by a different mechanism compared to the animals with a load-bearing lamina cribrosa. In addition, this model is produced by anatomically obstructing the angle.

Thus, it is not suitable for screening of IOP-lowering therapies that target the conventional outflow pathway. However, the advantages of this new procedure may outweigh the negative aspects and can be useful as a mouse ocular hypertension model.

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