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Editors Selection IGR 11-4
Basic research: Glia and remodeling
Comment by Neeru Gupta on:
20863 Changes in visual fields and lateral geniculate nucleus in monkey laser-induced high intraocular pressure model, Sasaoka M; Nakamura K; Shimazawa M et al., Experimental Eye Research, 2008; 86: 770-782
Sasaoka et al. (537) report retinal, optic nerve and LGN findings in two well-characterized monkeys with intra-ocular pressure elevation for 15 weeks, and documented optic nerve head and visual field damage. Visual field defects were apparent as early as two weeks following elevated IOP of approximately 50 mmHg.
Glial cell changes observed in the primate LGN support the role of glia in central visual system neurodegeneration and remodeling in glaucomaThe relationship between RGC density and visual field loss in this study confirms previous findings.1 Neuron LGN changes observed in photographs and by 2D density measurements are in keeping with previous reports using 3D methodology in monkey glaucoma.2,3 Layers driven by the fellow eye served as controls in this study, and altered cell size has been reported in LGN layers connected to the non-glaucoma eye. A novel finding of this detailed work is that increased glial fibrillary acidic protein expression was observed in LGN layers connected to the glaucomatous eye.
The valuable observations reported by these authors in these two thoroughly described glaucoma monkeys should stimulate further multidisciplinary studies to explore visual field and brain changes in glaucoma models and human glaucoma. Glial cell changes observed in the primate LGN support the role of glia in central visual system neurodegeneration and remodeling in glaucoma.
References
- Harwerth R. S. et al., Ganglion cell losses underlying visual field defects from experimental glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1999 ;40:2242-50
- Yucel, Y.H., et al., Loss of neurons in magnocellular and parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus in glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol, 2000. 118(3): p. 378-84.
- Weber, A.J., et al., Experimental glaucoma and cell size, density, and number in the primate lateral geniculate nucleus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2000. 41(6): p. 1370-9.
- Yucel, Y.H., et al., Atrophy of relay neurons in magno- and parvocellular layers in the lateral geniculate nucleus in experimental glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2001. 42(13): p. 3216-22.
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